Архів / Archive

Головна » Статті » 2016_06_1_KamPodilsk » Секція/Section_2_2016_06_1

LANDSCAPE-GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EASTERN PART BUKOVINA PRECARPATHIANS

Tanasiuk Mykhailo

PhD in Geography, Lecturer,

Chernivtsy National University  named after Yuriy Fedkovych

Chernivtsi, Ukraine

 

LANDSCAPE-GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EASTERN PART BUKOVINA PRECARPATHIANS

 

The territory of research is located in the eastern part of Bukovinian Precarpathians. The Prut tributaries which wash out loose sandy-clay residues have formed a compound erosion relief. Range-hilly and sloping-wavy types of a relief are common here. The slopes of ridges and valleys are complicated with landslides which add slight hilly character to the surface.

The climate is drier and warmer, it corresponds to the moderate continental. Average January temperatures – -5 – -5,5°С, July – 19-200C. The total sum of the temperatures more than +100C in a year comprises 2600-28000C. The average precipitation amount is 563 mm [1].

Soil covering of the territory is represented by grey and dark-grey forrest-turf-podzol soils, meadow-swampy soils. Which were formed on the loamy soil, contemporary diluvium and bedded with guarded clays. In the natural vegetation motley-grass and cereals meadows dominate. Deciduous forests (oak ordinary, beech forest, hornbeam ordinary) are widespread, beech plantings prevail with occasional coniferous representatives [2].

Morphological structure of landscapes is characterized by the conjuction of  valley-terrace, slope and water-bearing complexes. Valley-terrace complexes are represented by flood plains, low and medium terraces of river Prut with meadow and ashed black earth under the complete belt of village settlements, motorways and agriculture lands.

Landscape complexes of high Prut terraces are intensively broken down with ashed black earth and dark-grey forrest soils, and are mainly under agriculture lands. Slope and water-bearing landscape complexes of high above-Prut plains, hilly and erosion-landslide areas are covered with grey and light-grey forrest soils under meadows of secondary formation, arable plots, beech-oak-hornbeam woods. These landscape complexes are formed by kidney-like erosion-landslide meadow hollow units with motley-grass and cereals meadows, arable plots, village buildings. There being widely spread landscape complexes of slumping sloping valley of the Prut tributaries [2,4].

Geochemically the territory belongs to the family of geochemical landscape which is transitive from forest to steppe and meadow ones, transitive from acid to calcium class. It is characterized by the medium water exchange, transeluvial, eluvial-accumulative, neoeluvial elementary landscapes, availability of forest-like loamy soils and clays.

Properties of ground waters are the following: according to alkali-acid condition – neutral or low-alkali; according to the hardness category- moderate-hard, and hard (the average hardness is 10,3 mg-eqv/dm3); by the degree of mineralization- fresh (average mineralization- 0,67 g/dm3) by the limited norms of mineralization- good; by the chemical composition-hydrocarbonate-calcium, more rarely-hydrocarbonate-magnesium-calcium [1].

In soils of this area the Pb content varies from 1,4 to 2,9 mg/kg, Zn from 8,1 to 12,8, Cu – from 3,3 to 3,9, the value of Cd ranged from 0,02 to 0,05 mg/kg.

For coefficients of lateral migration, heavy metals are accumulated in the upper horizon of soils, the index of saturation of soil with chemical elements from the range of 0,94 to 1,12, which indicates background values of trace elements and a slight accumulation in transeluvial and super-aquatic elementary geochemical landscapes.

Migration indices and the coefficients of radial differentiation showed that in ground sections of the elementary geochemical landscapes, the accumulation of heavy metals in the upper horizon and their migration along the profile. The greatest accumulation in the upper horizons falls on Zn and Cu, slightly weaker accumulate Pb and Cd.

In vegetation the concentrations of heavy metals vary in the following ranges (mg/kg): Pb 0,12–0,27, Zn 21,5–45,7, Cu of 6,5 and 12,7, Cd 0,01–0,02. The maximal content of Zn and Cu characteristic super-aquatic, and Pb and Cd for eluvial elementary geochemical landscapes.

Thus, the study area in the landscape is characterized mainly against valley-slope and watershed natural systems. It belongs to the family of geochemical landscapes transitional between forest and meadow-steppe and steppe, sour-calcium class, with transeluvial, eluvial and eluvial-accumulative elementary landscapes.

 

References

1. Gutsuleak V. M. Landscapes of Chernivtsi region and their geochemical features: / V. M. Gutsuleak. – Chernivtsi: Chernivtsi National University, 2012.-144 p.

2. Gutsuleak V. Landscape structure of the territory for the purposes of agricultural production (case study Hertsa district) / Gutsuleak V, Hrytsku V, Tanasiuk M. // Geopolitics, History and International Relations. Volume: 5. Issue no.2, July 1, 2013 Publisher: Addleton Academic Publishers 30-18 50th Street, Woodside New York (11377), United States.- P.323–329.

3. Perelman A. I. Geochemistry of landscape / A. I. Perelman. Moscow: Geografgiz, 1961. – 496 p.

4. Tanasiuk M.V. Ecological-geochemical analysis and evaluation of rural geosystems mountain areas of Northern Bukovina (Ukraine) / M.V. Tanasiuk // Present Environment and Sustainable Development. – Iaşi: Edit. Univ. “Al.I.Cuza”, Romania. 2015. – Vol. 9, no.1 – P.129–138.

 

Категорія: Секція/Section_2_2016_06_1 | Додав: clubsophus (2016-06-01)
Переглядів: 609 | Рейтинг: 0.0/0
Переклад
Форма входу
Категорії розділу
Секція/Section_1_2016_06_1
Секція/Section_2_2016_06_1
Секція/Section_3_2016_06_1
Секція/Section_4_2016_06_1
Пошук
Наше опитування
Яка наукова інформація Вас найбільше цікавить?
Всього відповідей: 651
Інтернет-ресурси
Підписатися через RSS2Email

Новини клубу SOPHUS



Наукові спільноти
Статистика
free counters

Онлайн всього: 1
Гостей: 1
Користувачів: 0